Reviving Traditional Organic Heirloom Pokkali Rice Farming Heritage and Treasure of Kerala and India

 



Pokkali Rice



An ancient, indigenous rice cultivated only in Kerala, India
Millenia old Traditional Heirloom Rice Farming Heritage
Naturally Organic Farming without any Fertilizers or Pesticides
WTO Geographic Indication (GI) Tag
NPOP Organic Certification (USA FDA approved)

Nutritional powerhouse from nature
Rich in Protein, Fiber, Antioxidants, Micronutrients and Minerals
Low in Carbohydrates and ideal Diabetic Diet

Flood, Salinity and Climate Change Resilient
Naturally Sustainable Carbon Sequestered Farming
Cultivated only in coastal clay wetlands of Ernakulam, Alappuzha and Thrissur in Kerala

Organic Agricultural Heritage and Treasure of Kerala and India

 



Pokkali Rice Cuisine | Pokkali Farming Revival Initiatives | Genomic DNA Biomarkers of Pokkali Seed | Kerala Budget Allocations 2025-26 | Pokkali PLDA Apr 2025 Directive | Pokkali PLDA Feb 2025 Directive

Pokkali Rice Story - Millenia old GI-Tagged Organic Rice Farming Heritage of Kerala and India

Pokkali is the oldest indigenous rice variety that has 3000 years of organic cultivation and climate resilience history. The journey of Pokkali rice began from a flood, where earlier Pokkali was wild rice that was seen in the western ghats of India and was carried by the flood to low-lying coastal saline areas. All the climatic stress was overcome in this great journey and it developed resistance to flood and salinity. It is grown in the water-logged, coastal regions of Ernakulam, Thrissur, and Alappuzha districts in Kerala and is well known for its flood, saline tolerance, and high nutritional value. The rice got its name Pokkali, because of its notable height, which can grow up to 6 feet. In Malayalam, Pokkali is a term used to describe someone who dominates in height over others. Pokkali rice cultivation alternated with extensive aquaculture is known as Pokkali farming. In Kerala, when the southwest monsoons wash the salinity of the tiny soil mounds made in the fields, is the ideal time to start Pokkali paddy cultivation, it is carried out over 6 months which begins in May for soil preparation, June for sowing, July for Spreading and ends in October for harvesting, which is the first season. In the second season, which runs from November to April, prawns/fish are produced in the same field. During harvest, panicles are cut, and the remaining parts are left in the field, where they eventually serve as feed for fish farming. Source: Kerala Government Department of Agriculture Development & Farmers’ Welfare and Information Bureau. Kerala Karshakan November 2022
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Successful Pokkali Rice Farming

Successful organic cultivation and harvesting of traditional Chettivirippu Pokkali without any fertilizers or pesticides was achieved during the 2025 and 2024 farming seasons at Ezhikkara, validating the exceptionally nutrient rich and naturally organic Pokkali farmlands of coastal Kerala. Minimal impact of Attakkili, Nellikkozhi, Thattha, Eli-vettal or Chaazhi etc were observed and successfully mitigated using effective time tested traditional deterrance mechanisms. Validates continuing viability of centuries old traditional organic farming methods.


2025 Ezhikkara Pokkali Farming


2024 Ezhikkara Pokkali Farming



Online Marketplace

Online Marketplace Exchange for farmers to directly buy, sell and export traditional heirloom variety Pokkali seeds and rice. Internationally recognized WTO GI Tag and the NPOP Organic Farming Certification. Successful public-private partnership model for market placement of harvested crop and collaborations with Executive Chefs at premimum hospitality establishments as ambassadors of this iconic Pokkali rice and cuisine are driving rapid revival of this uniquely Kerala agricultural heritage. Only rice cultivated from traditional heirloom Chettivirippu and Cheruvirippu Pokkali seeds in the fully organic clay farms of coastal Ernakulam, Alappuzha and Thrissur districts are classified and authenticated as Pokkali Rice

Pokkali Rice Cuisine

Simple exquisitely savory recipes passed down through generations from grandmothers in the coastal villages of central Kerala with over 8000 hectares of Pokkali farmlands. Their everage 90+ year life longevity and incredbile physical health and intellectual acuity is the ultimate testament and emperical evidence there is to the nutritious value of this staple rice diet. Enjoy recipe videos of iconic and savory Pokkali Rice Kerala cuisine from the home kitchens of incredibly passionate chefs!. Calling on all accomplished Kerala Executive and Sous Chefs in the hospitality sector to be brand ambassadors of this uniquely Kerala Pokkali Rice delicacies for their discerning clientele.

Revival Initiatives and Public Policy

Existing Public Policy protecting Pokkali farms EXCLUSIVELY for Pokkali Paddy Cultivation 14-April to 14-November (7 month Crop Calendar) as has been the case over centuries MUST be maintained and enforced. Encroachment and tresspassing of Pokkali farm lands from non-farming vested interests such as Eco-Tourism and Year-round Aquaculture by entities citing misleading and manufactured reasons for the lack of paddy cultivation must be prohibited. Pokkali cultivation is successfully being done by farmers from sowing through harvesting, as factually evidenced in Ezhikkara, Varappuzha, Kadamakkudy and Alappuzha without any of the issues cited by the Tourism and Aquaculture lobbies. These farmers need to be supported and their farming model needs to be promoted and replicated across all fallow farms.

Several farmers and entities are ready and willing to cultivate Pokkali Rice in the fallow farms of Ernakulam District. Paddy cultivation is proven to be successful and profitable in these farms by genuine farmers in Ezhikkara, Kadamakudy and Varappuzha. Government must urgently regulate and incentivise fallow farm owners to either undertake 7-month Pokkali Farming themselves through to harvesting (not namesake sham cultivation attempts to collect free govt crop loss subsidies) or make farm land available on a 7-month lease to willing farmers and entities for immediate Pokkali farming.

It has been proven by traditional practice over centuries that a 7-month Pokkali Crop Cultivation ENHANCES multi-fold associated 5-month Aquaculture Prawn yields and soil fertility. Existing Policy is a WIN-WIN for Pokkali and Prawn farming and is NOT a zero-sum proposition. Broad based policy change initiatives MUST NOT attempt to fix what is not broken. Tourism initiatives such as kayaking, motor boating, resorts etc should be moved off of Pokkali Farms to inland waters or adjoining rivers. Opportunitiies for traditional "Vanchi" boat rides amidst lush green Pokkali farms already exists and has been practiced by farmers over centuries to transport harvested crop. This can be offered as a truly authentic water navigation experience for tourists without need for any policy changes.

Genome Database

Genomic DNA Sequence database for all existing traditional Pokkali rice seeds (past and present) exclusively from coastal clay Pokkali farm lands of Ernakulam, Alappuzha and Thrissur districts that represent authentic GI Tagged Organic Pokkali cultivation are enabled for rapid classification, authentication, preservation and revival. Only traditional variety Pokkali Rice such as Chettivirippu harvested in these farms are authentic Pokkali Rice. Genetically modified hybrid Vyttila-x Rice varieties are NOT authentic Pokkali.


Automation

Automation of Pokkali farming including drones for sowing, spraying, monitoring and mapping, bird and pest deterrance, automated sluice controllers, soil and crop health monitoring and alerts, tillers for dried clay farms, machines for stalk threshing and seed drying. Government to facilitate farmer access to associated automation equipments.

Profitable Cultivation

Detailed cost breakdown of fully Organic Pokkali crop cultivation and harvesting using traditional methods and local labor. Derived from a successful Pokkali farming done in 2024. Cost per Kg of seeds, rice grains and downstream derivative products. Cost allocations for key steps including Seeds, Transport, Vellam Pidikkal, Chera Vettal, Nilam Unakkal, Nilam marakkal, Thodu Valikkal, Kelakkal, Vithakkal, Niratthal, {Attakili Nilakkozhi, Eli-vettal, Chaazhi} nottam, Koyitthu, Transport, Kettu Kalam, Unakkal, Chettal, Vithu maattal, Puzhungal, Unakkal, Methikkal, Chettal, Bagging etc.

Seed Vault

Deploy low cost air, temperature, humidity, moisture, condensation, light and pest controlled modern version of classic Kerala Pathayam seed vault (not just storage) to preserve all heirloom traditional Pokkali seed varieties for a minimum of 2 cultivation seasons. Eliminates risk of extinction of seeds due to crop loss in consequitive seasons triggered by any external natural calamity or human negligence. Proven low cost solutions used in tropical regions of south asia.

Symbiotic Pokkali and Prawn Farming Calendar

 

Month
Activity Details
Apr 14-30 Draining
Drying
Draining, Clearing and reinforcing Bunds
വെള്ളം പിടിക്കൽ | നിലം ഉണക്കൽ | ചെറ വെട്ടൽ
May Farm Preparation
Ploughing, Tilling, Mound Creation
നിലം കിള ക്കൽ | തോട്/വാരം വലി ക്കൽ
Jun Sowing
June 1-15: Let first monsoon rains wash out soil salt.
June 16-23: Germinate seeds for sowing
June 24-30: Sow seeds and monitor for bird and rodent pests for 10 days.
വിത്തു മുളപ്പിക്കൽ | വിത ക്കൽ
July Spreading
Spread out and distribute 28-day old foot-high saplings to cover farm.
ഞാറു നിരത്തൽ
Aug Monitor
Monitor for bird and rodent pests. Periodically drain farm to allow sunlight to reach root clump.
ആറ്റക്കിളി, എലിവെട്ടൽ, നെല്ലിക്കോഴി, ചാഴി നോട്ടം | കളം ഒരുക്കൽ
Sep Monitor
Monitor for bird and rodent pests. Sluice control for regular tidal inflows and outflows.കൊയ്ത്ത് | മെതിക്കൽ | ഉണക്കൽ | പതിരു ചെറ്റൽ | വിത്തു മാറ്റൽ
Oct Harvesting
Await golden hue of rice grains and visual tilt of heavy stalks. At around 110 days from sowing, initiate harvesting. Cut top 2/3rd of stalk with gains. Leave bottom 1/3rd bare stalk in the farm for organic composting.
കൊയ്ത്ത് | മെതിക്കൽ | ഉണക്കൽ | പതിരു ചെറ്റൽ | വിത്തു മാറ്റൽ
Nov 01-14 Threshing
Drying
Milling
Dry/Roll/Dry harvested slaks. Thresh harvested stalks to get rice grains. 5-day drying/cooling/rolling sequence to get needed quantitiy of sowing seeds for next season. Store in dark/cool place. Boil/Dry/Mill rest of sweeds to get rice graiins.
പുഴുങ്കൽ | ഉണക്കൽ | പൊടിക്കൽ | പൊക്കാളി അരി
Nov 15-30 Prawn Farming
Prepare farm for Prawn farming
Dec Prawn Farming
Prawn farming
Jan Prawn Farming
Prawn farming
Feb Prawn Farming
Prawn farming
Mar Prawn Farming
Prawn farming
Apr 01-14 Prawn Harvesting
Harvest Prawn and wind down Prawn Farming


Tide Times for Kochi and surrounding coastal Kerala



Pokkali Farms of Kerala



Ezhikkara Pokkali Farms


Pokkali South Padasekharam Ezhikkara


Pokkali Central Padasekharam Ezhikkara


Pokkali Padasekharam Kadamakudy


Pokkali PLDA Directive Feb 2025